Solutions
Homogenous mixture
2 Parts
Solubility
Water
Qualitative Terms
Saturated vs. Unsaturated
Formulas
- substances mixed together so that you cannot see the different parts of it
- not chemically bonded
- ex: coffee, tea, coca-cola
2 Parts
- solute- smaller amount in the substance; can be multiple solutes
- solvent- larger amount of the solution; only one solvent
- ex: sweet tea
- water is the universal solvent
Solubility
- aqueous- dissolved in water
- it's a solution with water as the solvent
- ex: salt water (NaCl)
- Ionic compounds will dissolve in water because they are made up of cations(+) and anions(-)
- Water has a partial charge because of its electronegativity
Water
- polar- anything with a charge
- Non-polar molecules won't dissolve in a polar solution
- polar solvents dissolve polar solutes and nonpolar solvents dissolve nonpolar solutes
- one can control solubility by changing the temperature
Qualitative Terms
- concentrated solution- a lot of something
- dilute solution- less of something
Saturated vs. Unsaturated
- saturated- when there is more solute that remains solid after the saturation point
- unsaturated- occurs with a solution that has not reached the limit of the solute
Formulas
- mass percent = (mass of solute/mass of solution) x 100
- ex:
- Molarity: M = mol/L
- CIVI = CFVF
- C = concentration and V = volume